| Both sides previous revisionPrevious revisionNext revision | Previous revision |
| rekoh [2025/08/28 22:15] – [Sumber Lain] sazli | rekoh [2025/09/09 23:30] (kini) – [1882-05-08: Peta Tinjauan Daly] sazli |
|---|
| |
| ===== 1855: Pelombong dari Amerika ===== | ===== 1855: Pelombong dari Amerika ===== |
| | |
| | //"...dikatakan ada orang Amerika yang telah membuka lombong bijih di Sungai Tangkas yang letaknya tidak jauh dari Rekoh dengan pengikutnya kira-kira 60 orang Orang Hitam. Akan tetapi mereka telah diserang oleh penduduk tempatan. Tiga orang orang Amerika dan setengah dozen buruh telah dibunuh dan rumah mereka telah dibakar. Pelombong yang lain berpindah untuk sementara ke Bagan Terendah, sebelum meneruskan usaha melombong di Kuala Langat."// ([[https://www.blogger.com/profile/05591479116173290567|Andin Salleh @ Mohd Salleh Lamry]], July 18, 2013: {{ :laman:jalan_ketiga_pekan_rekoh_yang_sudah_lenyap.pdf ||}}[[http://darikajang.blogspot.com/2013/07/pekan-rekoh-yang-sudah-lenyap.html|"Pekan Rekoh yang sudah lenyap"]]). |
| |
| ==== Sumber akhbar ==== | ==== Sumber akhbar ==== |
| |
| //"Looking through the Selangor Journal the other day, I came upon what is perhaps the most extraordinary episode in the history of European penetration of Malaya. Somewhere about the year 1855 a party of twelve Americans and 60 Orang Hitam (negroes) sailed up the Langat river, in Selangor, took possession of the village of Reko, and began mining at a place called Sungei Tangkas. They neglected, however, to obtain the permission of the district chief, with the result that the Malays launched a night attack, killed three Americans and six or seven negroes, and set fire to the wooden house in which they were living. The survivors fled downstream and made a fresh settlement near Passangan, but after a short stay they left the Langat river and were never heard of again."// (The Straits Budget, 7 February 1935, Page 6: {{ :akhbar:straitsbudget19350207-1-2-29.pdf ||}} [[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitsbudget19350207-1.2.29|"AMERICANS AT REKO"]]). | * //"Looking through the Selangor Journal the other day, I came upon what is perhaps the most extraordinary episode in the history of European penetration of Malaya. Somewhere about the year 1855 a party of twelve Americans and 60 Orang Hitam (negroes) sailed up the Langat river, in Selangor, took possession of the village of Reko, and began mining at a place called Sungei Tangkas. They neglected, however, to obtain the permission of the district chief, with the result that the Malays launched a night attack, killed three Americans and six or seven negroes, and set fire to the wooden house in which they were living. The survivors fled downstream and made a fresh settlement near Passangan, but after a short stay they left the Langat river and were never heard of again."// (The Straits Budget, 7 February 1935, Page 6: {{ :akhbar:straitsbudget19350207-1-2-29.pdf ||}} [[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitsbudget19350207-1.2.29|"AMERICANS AT REKO"]]). |
| | |
| | * {{:gambar:pawang_rekoh.jpg?550|}}{{:gambar:rekohkillings.jpg?300|}} \\ //"An American prospector started a tin mine at Rekoh in 1855. However, the locals objected as he did not possess any consent and the venture was abandoned. There were altercations and eventually, the Americans left."// (AKU BUDAK TELOK, Jun 15, 2021: {{ :laman:kisah_sultan_dan_negro_di_jugra_dan_rekoh.pdf ||}}[[https://akubudaktelok64.blogspot.com/2021/06/kisah-sultan-dan-negro-di-jugra-dan.html|"KISAH SULTAN DAN NEGRO DI JUGRA DAN REKOH"]]). |
| |
| ==== Sumber asal ==== | ==== Sumber asal ==== |
| 28. Commercial Tariffs and Regulations and Trade of the Several States of Europe and America, together with Commercial Treaties between England and Foreign Countries, Part XXII, India, Ceylon and Other Oriental Countries, HC Papers, Vol 61, 1847-48, Cmd 974, p.734, cited by Wong Lin Ken, op.cit.,p.32, for the American prospector. It is not unlikely (but there is no evidence) that Joseph Balestier, American Consul in Singapore 1833-1852, prompted this survey, since he was active in promoting American trade, and in his later years, investment in the region. Sharom Ahmat, 'American Trade with Singapore 1819-1865', JMBRAS 38(2), 1965, and his 'Joseph B. Balestier: The First American Consul In Singapore,' JMBRAS 39(2), 1966. Balestier is quoted by name, on the trade of Malacca. in the paragraph of Cmd. 974 which precedes the reference to the 'American gentleman'. In medias res - rushing into the middle of things (from the Latin poet, Horace). \\ | 28. Commercial Tariffs and Regulations and Trade of the Several States of Europe and America, together with Commercial Treaties between England and Foreign Countries, Part XXII, India, Ceylon and Other Oriental Countries, HC Papers, Vol 61, 1847-48, Cmd 974, p.734, cited by Wong Lin Ken, op.cit.,p.32, for the American prospector. It is not unlikely (but there is no evidence) that Joseph Balestier, American Consul in Singapore 1833-1852, prompted this survey, since he was active in promoting American trade, and in his later years, investment in the region. Sharom Ahmat, 'American Trade with Singapore 1819-1865', JMBRAS 38(2), 1965, and his 'Joseph B. Balestier: The First American Consul In Singapore,' JMBRAS 39(2), 1966. Balestier is quoted by name, on the trade of Malacca. in the paragraph of Cmd. 974 which precedes the reference to the 'American gentleman'. In medias res - rushing into the middle of things (from the Latin poet, Horace). \\ |
| \\ | \\ |
| 29. Swettenham visited and described the remains of the mine in March 1875. F.A.Swettenham, Sir Frank Swettenham's Malayan Journals 1874-1876, edited P.L.Burns and C.D.Cowan, Oxford University Press, Kuala Lumpur, 1975, p.212, entry of 21 March 1875. He reported (in similar terms) what he had seen in his 'Report of Her Britannic Majesty's Acting Assistant Resident at Salnagore', dated 8 April 1875, enclosed with SSD 27 April 1875 (printed in Cmd 1320 of 1875). The source of the story of the pawang, Toh Perkasa, and his revenge is from 'Traditions of Ulu Langat', SJ 5, 1896-97, p.307. The initials 'W.S.' at the end of this article identify the author as W.W.Skeat, who had been District Officer, Ulu Langat, in the mid-1890's. Skeat dates the mine as c.1855. There is no direct evidence to link this venture with the prospector's report of a few years before."// | 29. Swettenham visited and described the remains of the mine in March 1875. F.A.Swettenham, Sir Frank Swettenham's Malayan Journals 1874-1876, edited P.L.Burns and C.D.Cowan, Oxford University Press, Kuala Lumpur, 1975, p.212, entry of 21 March 1875. He reported (in similar terms) what he had seen in his 'Report of Her Britannic Majesty's Acting Assistant Resident at Salangore', dated 8 April 1875, enclosed with SSD 27 April 1875 (printed in Cmd 1320 of 1875). The source of the story of the pawang, Toh Perkasa, and his revenge is from 'Traditions of Ulu Langat', SJ 5, 1896-97, p.307. The initials 'W.S.' at the end of this article identify the author as W.W.Skeat, who had been District Officer, Ulu Langat, in the mid-1890's. Skeat dates the mine as c.1855. There is no direct evidence to link this venture with the prospector's report of a few years before."// |
| |
| (Sumber: J.M. Gullick, 1998: [[https://www.mbras.org.my/monograph28.html|"A History of Selangor 1766-1939"]], m.s. 39, 45-46). | (Sumber: J.M. Gullick, 1998: [[https://www.mbras.org.my/monograph28.html|"A History of Selangor 1766-1939"]], m.s. 39, 45-46). |
| ==== Sumber Lain ==== | ==== Sumber Lain ==== |
| |
| * Terdapat sumber yang mengatakan Jabarayun ([[raja_berayun|Raja Berayun]]) yang mengetuai pengusiran itu: //"Pada tahun 1855, satu lagi pergaduhan besar telah berlaku di Kampung Reko. Menurut ceritanya, berpuluh-puluh orang putih dari Amerika telah membawa 60 hamba abdi berbangsa Negro muncul secara tiba-tiba di Kampung Reko dan memulakan aktiviti perlombongan bijih timah di Sungai Tangkas. Jabarayun sebagai ketua lanun di Kampung Reko merasa tercabar dengan kehadiran tetamu yang tidak diundang itu yang memulakan aktiviti perlombongan tanpa meminta izin dari pembesar-pembesar tempatan. Tanpa menunggu lama, Jabarayun membawa 300 pengikutnya yang bersenjatakan kapak dan beliung menyerang rombongan dari Amerika itu. Apabila diserang oleh Jabarayun dan pengikutnya, orang-orang Amerika itu segera melarikan diri menaiki sampan dari Sungai Tangkas dan hilang entah ke mana. 6 orang Amerika dibunuh dalam serangan ini. Nama gah Jabarayun menjadi semakin terkenal lagi berpengaruh di kalangan pembesar-pembesar Bugis Selangor. (212) – Burns (The Journals of F.A. Swettenham)"// (Haji Hanafiah Kamal Bahrin Lubis, 23 Ogos 2014: {{ :laman:the_forgotten_past_of_khs_horas_seputar_dan_berputar-putar_di_jalan_raja_alang_kajang_sel_.pdf ||}}[[http://hanafiahlubis.blogspot.com/2014/08/horas.html|"HORAS ! SEPUTAR DAN BERPUTAR-PUTAR DI JALAN RAJA ALANG,KAJANG,SEL."]]). | Terdapat sumber yang mengatakan Jabarayun ([[raja_berayun|Raja Berayun]]) yang mengetuai pengusiran itu:- |
| | |
| | * //"Pada tahun 1855, satu lagi pergaduhan besar telah berlaku di Kampung Reko. Menurut ceritanya, berpuluh-puluh orang putih dari Amerika telah membawa 60 hamba abdi berbangsa Negro muncul secara tiba-tiba di Kampung Reko dan memulakan aktiviti perlombongan bijih timah di Sungai Tangkas. Jabarayun sebagai ketua lanun di Kampung Reko merasa tercabar dengan kehadiran tetamu yang tidak diundang itu yang memulakan aktiviti perlombongan tanpa meminta izin dari pembesar-pembesar tempatan. Tanpa menunggu lama, Jabarayun membawa 300 pengikutnya yang bersenjatakan kapak dan beliung menyerang rombongan dari Amerika itu. Apabila diserang oleh Jabarayun dan pengikutnya, orang-orang Amerika itu segera melarikan diri menaiki sampan dari Sungai Tangkas dan hilang entah ke mana. 6 orang Amerika dibunuh dalam serangan ini. Nama gah Jabarayun menjadi semakin terkenal lagi berpengaruh di kalangan pembesar-pembesar Bugis Selangor. (212) – Burns (The Journals of F.A. Swettenham)"// (Haji Hanafiah Kamal Bahrin Lubis, 23 Ogos 2014: {{ :laman:the_forgotten_past_of_khs_horas_seputar_dan_berputar-putar_di_jalan_raja_alang_kajang_sel_.pdf ||}}[[http://hanafiahlubis.blogspot.com/2014/08/horas.html|"HORAS ! SEPUTAR DAN BERPUTAR-PUTAR DI JALAN RAJA ALANG,KAJANG,SEL."]]). |
| |
| * //"Decades before establishment of Kajang Town, Reko/Rekoh/Recko was already an active mining town. In 1850s, a dispute was reported between the American prospector and the local Malays. The Americans fled after some lives were lost. The Mendailing migrants from Sumatra were there much earlier prospecting tin and involved in commercial activities. Their chief was Raja Brayun or Jabrayun who later became the Panglima and bodyguard of Sultan Abdul Samad. Swettenhem visited the town in 1875 and described that it must be the most established town in the area. Reko left no trace of past glory. Few people knows of its existence. The road leading from Kajang to UKM is called Reko Road."// (Lee Kim Sin, 29 Julai 2017: {{ :facebook:facebook_-_lee_kim_sin_-_rekoh.pdf ||}}[[https://www.facebook.com/leekimsin/posts/10209269377274330|"Decades before establishment of Kajang Town, Reko/Rekoh/Recko was already an active mining town."]]). | * //"Decades before establishment of Kajang Town, Reko/Rekoh/Recko was already an active mining town. In 1850s, a dispute was reported between the American prospector and the local Malays. The Americans fled after some lives were lost. The Mendailing migrants from Sumatra were there much earlier prospecting tin and involved in commercial activities. Their chief was Raja Brayun or Jabrayun who later became the Panglima and bodyguard of Sultan Abdul Samad. Swettenhem visited the town in 1875 and described that it must be the most established town in the area. Reko left no trace of past glory. Few people knows of its existence. The road leading from Kajang to UKM is called Reko Road."// (Lee Kim Sin, 29 Julai 2017: {{ :facebook:facebook_-_lee_kim_sin_-_rekoh.pdf ||}}[[https://www.facebook.com/leekimsin/posts/10209269377274330|"Decades before establishment of Kajang Town, Reko/Rekoh/Recko was already an active mining town."]]). |
| |
| * //"...dikatakan ada orang Amerika yang telah membuka lombong bijih di Sungai Tangkas yang letaknya tidak jauh dari Rekoh dengan pengikutnya kira-kira 60 orang Orang Hitam. Akan tetapi mereka telah diserang oleh penduduk tempatan. Tiga orang orang Amerika dan setengah dozen buruh telah dibunuh dan rumah mereka telah dibakar. Pelombong yang lain berpindah untuk sementara ke Bagan Terendah, sebelum meneruskan usaha melombong di Kuala Langat."// ([[https://www.blogger.com/profile/05591479116173290567|Andin Salleh @ Mohd Salleh Lamry]], July 18, 2013: {{ :laman:jalan_ketiga_pekan_rekoh_yang_sudah_lenyap.pdf ||}}[[http://darikajang.blogspot.com/2013/07/pekan-rekoh-yang-sudah-lenyap.html|"Pekan Rekoh yang sudah lenyap"]]). | |
| |
| * {{:gambar:pawang_rekoh.jpg|}}{{:gambar:rekohkillings.jpg|}} \\ //"An American prospector started a tin mine at Rekoh in 1855. However, the locals objected as he did not possess any consent and the venture was abandoned. There were altercations and eventually, the Americans left."// (AKU BUDAK TELOK, Jun 15, 2021: {{ :laman:kisah_sultan_dan_negro_di_jugra_dan_rekoh.pdf ||}}[[https://akubudaktelok64.blogspot.com/2021/06/kisah-sultan-dan-negro-di-jugra-dan.html|"KISAH SULTAN DAN NEGRO DI JUGRA DAN REKOH"]]). | |
| |
| ===== 1857: Permulaan Pemerintahan Sultan Abdul Samad ===== | ===== 1857: Permulaan Pemerintahan Sultan Abdul Samad ===== |
| Pada tahun 1875, Sir Andrew Clarke, Gabenor [[https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negeri-negeri_Selat|Negeri-Negeri Selat]], telah melantik Mr. Dominick Daniel (D.D.) Daly sebagai "Surveyor for the Native States". Tugasan utama beliau ialah menjalankan tinjauan topografi di seluruh negeri Selangor. Pada Isnin, 8 Mei 1882, Mr. Daly, ketika itu pegawai superintenden Public Works and Survey, Selangor, telah menyampaikan laporan hasil tinjauan beliau di dalam mesyuarat Royal Geographical Society, yang turut dihadiri Sir Andrew Clarke. Antara lain beliau memetakan beberapa lokasi kawasan perlombongan bijih timah di sekitar Selangor (termasuk Rekoh dan Kajang), yang sebelum ini tidak diketahui oleh pihak British: //"Klang was then the capital, but in 1880 the British Resident and his staff moved up river to Kuala Lumpur, which has a central position and is now a most important mining capital. From it Mr. Daly's surveys have radiated, fixing the positions of the principal tin mines and settlements - namely Kanching, Ulu Selangor, Ulu Bernam, Ulu Gomba(k), Ulu Klang, Ulu Langat, Sungie Puteh, Recko, and Kajang, with the jungle paths to them. The position of these places was quite unknown up to this date; and Mr. Daly described Ampagnan (Ampang), the chief of the tin mines, as a type of the whole intimating that the depth of the alluvial deposit over the thin layer of ore varies in different mines from 8 feet to 30 feet from the surface."// (SINGAPORE DAILY TIMES, 19 June 1882, Page 3: {{ :akhbar:singdailytimes18820619-1-2-8-6.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singdailytimes18820619-1.2.8.6|"THE SURVEY OF THE MALAY STATES"]]). | Pada tahun 1875, Sir Andrew Clarke, Gabenor [[https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negeri-negeri_Selat|Negeri-Negeri Selat]], telah melantik Mr. Dominick Daniel (D.D.) Daly sebagai "Surveyor for the Native States". Tugasan utama beliau ialah menjalankan tinjauan topografi di seluruh negeri Selangor. Pada Isnin, 8 Mei 1882, Mr. Daly, ketika itu pegawai superintenden Public Works and Survey, Selangor, telah menyampaikan laporan hasil tinjauan beliau di dalam mesyuarat Royal Geographical Society, yang turut dihadiri Sir Andrew Clarke. Antara lain beliau memetakan beberapa lokasi kawasan perlombongan bijih timah di sekitar Selangor (termasuk Rekoh dan Kajang), yang sebelum ini tidak diketahui oleh pihak British: //"Klang was then the capital, but in 1880 the British Resident and his staff moved up river to Kuala Lumpur, which has a central position and is now a most important mining capital. From it Mr. Daly's surveys have radiated, fixing the positions of the principal tin mines and settlements - namely Kanching, Ulu Selangor, Ulu Bernam, Ulu Gomba(k), Ulu Klang, Ulu Langat, Sungie Puteh, Recko, and Kajang, with the jungle paths to them. The position of these places was quite unknown up to this date; and Mr. Daly described Ampagnan (Ampang), the chief of the tin mines, as a type of the whole intimating that the depth of the alluvial deposit over the thin layer of ore varies in different mines from 8 feet to 30 feet from the surface."// (SINGAPORE DAILY TIMES, 19 June 1882, Page 3: {{ :akhbar:singdailytimes18820619-1-2-8-6.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singdailytimes18820619-1.2.8.6|"THE SURVEY OF THE MALAY STATES"]]). |
| |
| {{peta:1882-kajang-recko.png?490|Map of The Malay Peninsula to accompany the paper of Mr D.D. Daly}}{{peta:peta-klang-langat-1882.png?410|Peta Klang-Langat, 1882}} \\ | {{peta:1882-kajang-recko.png?490|Map of The Malay Peninsula to accompany the paper of Mr D.D. Daly}}{{:peta:peta-selangor-ns-daly-1882.png?410|Map of the Malay Peninsula to accompany the paper of Mr. D. D. Daly}} \\ |
| Kajang dan Rekoh (Recko) dalam peta Selangor, tahun 1882. Persempadanan Selangor-Sungei Ujong-Negri Sembilan telah pun jelas ketika ini. \\ | Kajang dan Rekoh (Recko) dalam peta Selangor, tahun 1882. Persempadanan Selangor-Sungei Ujong-Negri Sembilan telah pun jelas ketika ini. \\ |
| **Kiri**: "//Map of The Malay Peninsula to accompany the paper of Mr D.D. Daly//" ({{ :laman:map_of_the_malay_peninsula_to_accompany_the_paper_of_mr_d.d_.pdf ||}}[[https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/maps_building_plans/record-details/31b5835a-035e-11e9-9481-001a4a5ba61b|Map of The Malay Peninsula to accompany the paper of Mr D.D. Daly, 1882 @ National Archives of Singapore]]). \\ | **Kiri**: "//Map of The Malay Peninsula to accompany the paper of Mr D.D. Daly//" ({{ :laman:map_of_the_malay_peninsula_to_accompany_the_paper_of_mr_d.d_.pdf ||}}[[https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/maps_building_plans/record-details/31b5835a-035e-11e9-9481-001a4a5ba61b|Map of The Malay Peninsula to accompany the paper of Mr D.D. Daly, 1882 @ National Archives of Singapore]]). \\ |
| **Kanan**: Peta yang sama, versi lain: //"Detailed map of the Malay Peninsula based on surveys by D.D. Daly, Superintendent of Public Works and Surveys, Selangor. Published in the Journal of the Royal Geographical Society to accompany a paper by Mr. Daly. Original colour. [SEAS5072]"// (Royal Geographical Society, 1882: {{ :laman:antique_maps_at_the_map_house_of_london_-_klang-langat-1882.pdf ||}}[[https://www.themaphouse.com/search_getamap.aspx?id=139909&ref=SEAS5072|"Map of the Malay Peninsula"]]). | **Kanan**: Peta yang sama, versi lain: //"Administrative boundaries are shown. Relief shown by hachures and spot heights. From: Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and monthly record of geography. Vol. 4 (1882), no. 7, pp. 393-412; held in Firestone Library. Call number: G7 .J6873"// (Edward Stanford @ Princeton University Library, 1882: {{ :arkibgambar:mapoft_1.pdf ||}}[[https://maps.princeton.edu/catalog/princeton-sj139446k|"Map of the Malay Peninsula to accompany the paper of Mr. D. D. Daly, Superintendent of Public Works and Surveys, Sĕlângor, showing his surveys and explorations in the native states"]]); //"Detailed map of the Malay Peninsula based on surveys by D.D. Daly, Superintendent of Public Works and Surveys, Selangor. Published in the Journal of the Royal Geographical Society to accompany a paper by Mr. Daly. Original colour. [SEAS5072]"// (Royal Geographical Society, 1882: {{ :laman:antique_maps_at_the_map_house_of_london_-_klang-langat-1882.pdf ||}}[[https://www.themaphouse.com/search_getamap.aspx?id=139909&ref=SEAS5072|"Map of the Malay Peninsula"]]). |
| |
| //"The state of Selangor as depicted on D.D. Daly's 1882 Map of the Malay Peninsula (90). Tin is identified as a resource at five upriver locations in the state. "Damar Sara" (Damansara) is marked in the vicinity of what is today Section 23, Shah Alam. The "Good Road" marked between Damar Sara and Kuala Lumpur was in fact far from adequate for vehicular traffic, which was why it was decided in 1883 to build a railway from Kuala Lumpur to Klang which was completed in 1886."// (Frederic Durant, Richard Curtis, 2013: [[https://books.google.com.my/books/about/Maps_of_Malaya_and_Borneo.html?id=LPGapwAACAAJ|Maps of Malaya and Borneo : Discovery, Statehood and Progress: the Collections of H.R.H. Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah and Dato' Richard Curtis]]). | //"The state of Selangor as depicted on D.D. Daly's 1882 Map of the Malay Peninsula (90). Tin is identified as a resource at five upriver locations in the state. "Damar Sara" (Damansara) is marked in the vicinity of what is today Section 23, Shah Alam. The "Good Road" marked between Damar Sara and Kuala Lumpur was in fact far from adequate for vehicular traffic, which was why it was decided in 1883 to build a railway from Kuala Lumpur to Klang which was completed in 1886."// (Frederic Durant, Richard Curtis, 2013: [[https://books.google.com.my/books/about/Maps_of_Malaya_and_Borneo.html?id=LPGapwAACAAJ|Maps of Malaya and Borneo : Discovery, Statehood and Progress: the Collections of H.R.H. Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah and Dato' Richard Curtis]]). |
