jalan_ayer_itam
Differences
This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.
Both sides previous revisionPrevious revisionNext revision | Previous revision | ||
jalan_ayer_itam [2022/02/03 13:11] – [1896-1905: Kajang - Ayer Itam] sazli | jalan_ayer_itam [2024/03/06 07:35] (kini) – [Peta Jalan: 1904] sazli | ||
---|---|---|---|
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
+ | ====== Jalan Ayer Itam (1896-1905) ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Dirujuk oleh ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[harimau_malaya|Harimau Malaya]] | ||
+ | * [[kg_sungai_ramal|Kampung Sungai Ramal]] | ||
+ | * [[west_country_estate|West Country Estate]] | ||
+ | * [[sejarahbangi-1900-1909# | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== 1891-1892: Pembukaan Ayer Itam ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Antara faktor pembukaan tanah di kawasan pedalaman seperti Ayer Itam ini adalah kesan spekulasi meluas berkenaan tanaman kopi. Sekitar tahun ini, ladang kopi meliputi 2,800 hektar tanah di Selangor: //" | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1891-10-16: Pembukaan Tanah ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dato Dagang Kuala Lumpur, Haji Mohamed Tahir melaporkan, beberapa orang peneroka tanah di Ayer Itam memerlukan masa yang lebih panjang untuk menerangkan kawasan hutan di situ, dan memohon penundaan persempadanan dan percukaian di situ. Namun dalam masa yang sama, sebahagian peneroka memerlukan jaminan akan hak pendudukan tanah mereka setelah selesai nanti. Pihak pentadbiran British memutuskan untuk mengeluarkan lesen pendudukan sementara selama 6 bulan bagi para peneroka tersebut:- | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | //" | ||
+ | Haji Mohamed Tahir tells me these men have not yet finished clearing all the land, in view of this and their application, | ||
+ | 2. Everything else in his mukim (Pataling) is pretty well settled, I would therefore ask the Resident consent to my handing this? once to you as soon I have got everything into order leaving the Ayer Itam people to be dealt with by you next year. \\ | ||
+ | 20-10-91. Sigd J.M. \\ | ||
+ | ....\\ | ||
+ | Collector of Land Revenue, | ||
+ | Yes. There are a good many applicants for new lands in various parts of the District, who are willing to pay for the land but ask for time to clear it first. \\ | ||
+ | 2. I should like to obtain the Residents permission to allow them to go on the land, merely keeping a list of their names and localities and giving them to understand that they have no title, or right until the land has been properly demarcated, & assessed by the Collector of Land Revenue. | ||
+ | 3. This would not retard Settlement in any way and of course as they have not at present " | ||
+ | At present Malays are somewhat afraid of going on to Govt land without some sort of " | ||
+ | This is a good thing but at the same time may retard settlement. \\ | ||
+ | 4. If it is considered necessary to give some sort of title. Temporary License forms might be used. Issued free of all charges and containing merely the names of applicants. These should be deposited with the Penghulu, who during the course of the next year should present them to the Land Office to be exchanged for Extracts from the Register. \\ | ||
+ | 22.10.91. Sigd JW. \\ | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | Settlement Officer, \\ | ||
+ | How would it do to issue Extract and defer Collection. \\ | ||
+ | 27.10.91. ?L.P.E. \\ | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | Collector of Land Revenue, | ||
+ | This would not be any gain to the Land Office because demarcation must precede issue of Extracts and what I want to avoid is having to demarcate jungle, it is of course so much more expensive. \\ | ||
+ | 2. Then again the Extract and the Register bear the annual rent written on the face this would I think lead to confusion. \\ | ||
+ | 3. The plan I suggest would be very simple and be an economical way getting the land demarcated. \\ | ||
+ | 4. I should like the question settled as soon as possible. \\ | ||
+ | 28.10.91. Sigd. J.W. \\ | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | Settlement Officer, \\ | ||
+ | See Draft you had better for the period for which free Licenses are to be granted. \\ | ||
+ | 4-11-91. ?L.PE. \\ | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | Collector of Land Revenue, | ||
+ | Thank you, I think six months is sufficient time to allow and have altered it accordingly as your draft. \\ | ||
+ | 4-11-91. ? | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 16/10/1891: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1892-05-03: Pendudukan Warga ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pada 3 Mei 1892, pegawai daerah Kuala Langat telah mengenalpasti beberapa mukim di kawasan pedalaman yang perlu dibuka untuk pendudukan tetap, bagi menjana kegiatan ekonomi di sana. Antaranya adalah mukim Ayer Itam:- | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | //"I have the honour under Sec. 77th of notification no.65 of 1892 to submit for the consideration of the Resident the following rates of assessment on the mukims of Tanjong Rhu, Nibong Ampas, Ayer Itam, Kluang, and Subang Ilang. 2. At present none of these mukims have any settled population whatever. I therefore recommend that all land be granted at an assessment of 40 cents per acre for the present."// | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 03/05/1892: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | **CATATAN**: | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== 1896-1905: Jalan Kajang - Ayer Itam ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Setelah pembukaan tanah dibuat, jalan yang menghubungkan Kajang dengan Ayer Itam (sekitar Kampung Pulau Meranti - Bukit Puchong kini) mula dirancang. Ianya dibina secara berperingkat mulai 1896, dan siap sekitar 1905. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1896-01-29: Pembukaan Tender Ukur Jalan ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Kerja ukur bagi menghubungkan Ayer Itam (2 batu ke selatannya) dengan Jalan Sungai Chiow/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | //"... the undersigned beg to tender for the survey of proposed road from a point 2 miles south of Ayer Itam point in the Sungei Chiow Road ... he will take up the survey @ $175 per mile ... The Distance is approximately 8 miles and would amount to $1400."// | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 29/01/1896: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Peta Jalan: 1896 ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | Lakaran cadangan Jalan Sg Chuau (Kajang) - Ayer Itam, 1896 (PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 14/04/1896: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | Ahli masyarakat Temuan di sekitar Sungai Chuau, 1900-an (Walter William Skeat, Charles Otto Blagden, 1906: [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1896-08-17: Pembinaan Jalan ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pembinaan jalan bermula sekitar Ogos 1896. Peringkat awal berjarak 5 batu mulai Sungai Chuah menuju Ayer Itam, dibina oleh kontraktor berpengalaman S.P. Chelliah (pernah bertugas di bawah seliaan Messrs. Howarth Erskine), menggantikan Goh Eng Leong dari Kajang. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | //" | ||
+ | .... \\ | ||
+ | Referring to 3964/96 I have the honour to report that Goh Eng Leong of Kajang after signing a contract for the construction of 5 miles of road from Sungei Cheow Road to Klang Kuala Langat failed to produce the necessary security. I have consequently been unable to complete the contract with my signature. \\ | ||
+ | 2. I have now to recommend that the contract be given to No. 24 Chelliah for the same price as Goh Eng Leong tendered namely $14,132 as he is agreeable to take up the work at this figure and to give $1000 in cash security and $1000 in deeds or $1500 in cash. He has done a good deal of work in Selangor, the principal contract being the Earthwork of the Impounding Reservoir dam under the contractors Messrs. Howarth Erskine."// | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 17/08/1896: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | Di peringkat awal, pembinaan jalan berlangsung dengan agak baik, sehingga jurutera negeri [[h_f_bellamy|H.F.Bellamy]] memohon pengurangan kadar tahanan bayaran daripada 25% kepada 10% bagi meringankan beban pihak kontraktor: //" | ||
+ | |||
+ | Beberapa bulan kemudian, proses pembinaan ini mula mengalami kelewatan. Cuaca hujan lebat menyebabkan henti tugas selama beberapa hari akibat tanah berpaya di kawasan tersebut yang seringkali digenangi air. Selain itu, terdapat sebilangan pekerja yang menghidap sakit demam dan disenteri. Kontrak projek dilanjutkan sehingga 2 bulan selepas tarikh tamat kontrak (31 Disember 1896):- | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | //"I beg most respectfully to lay before your Honor' | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 26/11/1896: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | Namun menurut laporan jurutera negeri Selangor, [[h_f_bellamy|H.F. Bellamy]], pada tarikh yang sama, beliau terpaksa mengambil alih sebahagian tugasan pembinaan. Kadar pembayaran pekerja terpaksa dinaikkan daripada 30 sen kepada 35 sen sehari, akibat kesukaran mencari pekerja yang sanggup bekerja di lokasi yang terpencil itu: //"I have the honour to recommend that the daily wage of coolies departmentally employed in lockspitting the trace of the 2nd section of the Ayer Hitam Road be 35 cents per diem, the sanctioned rates being only 30 cts per diem. 2. Owing to the inaccessible nature of this section of road which commences 10 miles from Kajang coolies cannot be procured at the sanctioned rates. The country is all virgin forest and there is no approach from the base of supplies at Kajang, but over the road now in all conditions of construction. - H.F. Bellamy, State Engineer"// | ||
+ | |||
+ | Akhirnya, kira-kira setahun selepas permulaan projek iaitu pada 17 Ogos 1897, pihak jurutera negeri melaporkan mereka terpaksa mengambil alih keseluruhan pengurusan pembinaan daripada S.P. Chelliah, oleh kerana beliau tidak dapat meneruskannya lagi: //" | ||
+ | |||
+ | **LATAR PERISTIWA: [[h_f_bellamy|H.F. Bellamy]]**. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1898-12-30: Penurapan Jalan ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Proses tender penurapan jalan: | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 30/12/1898: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1900-01-03: Gravelling Jalan ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Proses tender perkerasan badan jalan (gravelling): | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | //"I have the honour to request that the attached notice inviting tenders for gravelling 40 lines of the Ayer Hitam Road and for the supply of upkeep metal for the same road may be inserted in the next issue of the Government Gazette, and that the usual slips may be sent to me as soon as possible for distribution. - State Engineer"// | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 03/01/1900: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1901-02-14: Kelewatan Penurapan Jalan ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Salah satu projek penurapan jalan mengalami kelewatan selama lebih 2 bulan, melibatkan pemanjangan tempoh kontrak sebanyak 2 kali. Sebagaimana sebelum ini, puncanya adalah kerana cuaca hujan lebat serta serangan penyakit, akibat lokasinya yang terpencil. Hal ini juga turut menyukarkan pencarian tenaga pekerja. Setelah rayuan dibuat, kontraktor projek ini, M. Chinniah, dikenakan denda sebanyak $24, 1/10 daripada jumlah denda yang asal ($240):- | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | //" | ||
+ | 2. For reasons given in the breach reports dated 16th November 1901 and 6th January 1902, because the work is situated in a very unhealthy locality far from the haunts of men, it is very difficult to induce Tamil coolies to reside there when there is so much demand for their services elsewhere. I recommend leniency and that no find be imposed, and I seek authority to make final payment in full. - H.F.Bellamy, | ||
+ | Let him be fined $42 , 1/10 of the fine he is liable to. (17/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 14/02/1901: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1902-10-17: Lombong Sungai Ramal ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Permohonan pajakan sebidang tanah yang agak besar (seluas 500 ekar) di suatu selekoh di Batu 13, Jalan Ayer Itam, untuk perlombongan bijih timah oleh Loke Keng Woon. Menurut Pegawai Daerah Ulu Langat, walaupun tiada rekod kegiatan perlombongan beliau di Selangor, beliau berpengalaman melombong di Negeri Sembilan dan Broga, dengan hasil jualan kepada {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 17/10/1902: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | Berdasarkan arah selekoh Jalan Ayer Itam di dalam lakaran di atas, kemungkinan lokasi lombong ini ialah berhampiran Kajang, sekitar Kampung Sungai Ramal Luar kini, di dalam petak merah di atas (**Kiri**: Kawasan lombong berdasarkan peta negeri Selangor, tahun 1900-an (Edinburgh Geographical Institute, 1904 @ Yale University Library - Digital Collections: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Sekitar waktu yang sama, seorang lagi individu bernama Hoo Ah Chong telah memohon pajakan tanah berdekatan (Batu 14 | ||
+ | 3/4 Jalan Ayer Itam) seluas 100 ekar, untuk tujuan yang sama. Namun oleh kerana tiada rekod pengalaman, beliau diberi kelulusan untuk tanah seluas 25 ekar sahaja, sebagaimana had yang boleh diluluskan di peringkat Pegawai Daerah (PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 20/10/1902: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Peta Jalan: 1904 ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | **Kiri**: Peta Jalan Kajang - Ayer Itam, berdasarkan peta negeri Selangor, tahun 1900-an (Edinburgh Geographical Institute, 1904 @ Yale University Library - Digital Collections: | ||
+ | **Kanan**: Lakaran kasar jalan berturap yang sama, kini ([[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1904: Serangan Gajah ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | //"16. Complaints have also been made of the ravages of elephants along the Sungei Chuau road. A resident of Kajang was recently charged by a bull elephant within half a mile of the town. He succeeded in wounding the animal, and the herd has since moved off to the neighbourhood of the New Reko-Bangi road. ... - O.F.Stonor. District Officer, Ulu Langat."// | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1904-02-02: Siri Penurapan Terakhir ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Antara siri tender penurapan terakhir yang dibuka pada 2 Februari 1904. Kontraktor R. Kandappoo dipilih untuk menyiapkannya. Oleh kerana lokasi jalan yang terpencil, kontrak beliau adalah "ikut kerja", | ||
+ | |||
+ | Tender bahagian terakhir iaitu sehingga ke sempadan Petaling/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | //"I the undersigned beg to tender for the execution of completion of metalling Ayer Itam Road from the 10th mile up to the K.L. Boundary at the rate of(5) five cubes per line. ... for the Sum of Dollars: Eight thousand only ($8000-00) and undertake to complete the work within a period of 31-12-05 .... R. Kandappoo, Contractor, Kajang. ... I recommend that Kandappoo' | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 10/12/1904: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | Serentak dengan itu, penurapan semula dijalankan dari simpang Jalan Sungai Chua sepanjang 2 batu: //" | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1905-08-02: Hutan Simpan Ayer Itam ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pada 8 Februari 1905, Office of Conservator of Forests F.M.S. & S.S., di bawah seliaan pegawai perhutanan Arthur B. (A.B.) Stephens, memohon sebidang tanah di antara Ayer Itam dan Sungei Besi untuk tujuan pewartaan sebagai hutan simpan. Ianya diwartakan lebih setahun kemudian (sekitar Disember 1906). | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 02/08/1905: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | **LATAR PERISTIWA: [[hutan_ayer_itam|Hutan Simpan Ayer Itam]]**. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1906-01-08: Rumah Kongsi di Batu 8 ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Tender pembinaan rumah kongsi di Batu 8:- | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 08/01/1906: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1906-03-30: Getah di West Country Estate ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Sekitar Mac 1906, akhbar Malay Mail meramalkan bahawa ladang getah di [[west_country_estate|West Country Estate]] bakal meliputi 5,000 ekar, sehingga ke Jalan Ayer Hitam: //"The Malay Mail believes that within two years from now, there will probably be 5,000 acres planted up with rubber in the district stretching from West Country, Kajang, to the Ayer Hitam road.'// | ||
+ | |||
+ | **LATAR PERISTIWA: [[west_country_estate|West Country Estate]]**. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1906-08-13: Ladang Bukit Hitam ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Tanah cadangan perladangan sedia ada di Ayer Itam seluas 680 ekar, ingin diperluaskan 350 ekar lagi, oleh pemiliknya Mr. Parkinson dan [[f_crosbie_roles|Mr. F. Crosbie Roles]] dari Ceylon. Lokasinya:- | ||
+ | * Sebelah timur bersempadan dengan cadangan Hutan Simpan Ayer Itam | ||
+ | * Sebelah selatan dan barat bersempadan dengan Jalan Ayer Hitam | ||
+ | * Sebelah utara bersempadan dengan daerah Petaling | ||
+ | Permohonan diluluskan pada 26/10/1906. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | //"I have the honour to report that I have received an application from Mr.Parkinson on behalf of Mr.F.Crosbie Roles of Ceylon, for 350 (approximately) acres on the district boundary Ayer Hitam road. \\ | ||
+ | 2. Reference to S.R. 2368/06 will show that the same applicant has been already given 680 (approximately) acres in the same locality. \\ | ||
+ | 3. Owing to this part of the district having no surveyed points for guidance, Mr.Parkinson, | ||
+ | 4. It now appears that the area or the available land between these boundaries slightly exceeds 1000 acres. Mr. Parkinson now asks for the remaining 350 acres (approx.) \\ | ||
+ | 4. I recommend that the application be approved on the usual terms for 1st Class land; that the whole area be surveyed together, and that $3/- premium be charged as there is extensive road frontage to the former application with which this should be amalgamated."// | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 13/08/1906: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ladang ini diusahakan dengan tanaman getah. Beberapa bulan selepas itu, pada 15 Mac 1907, syarikat Ayer Hitam Planting Syndicate Limited telah ditubuhkan bagi menguruskan ladang ini, yang dinamakan "Bukit Hitam Estate" | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | Kemungkinan lokasi ladang ini ditandakan merah, berdasarkan butiran lokasi di atas, serta peta tahun 1929 di sebelah kanan (Edward Stanford @ F.M.S. Survey Department, 1929: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | Kemungkinan lokasi ladang tersebut, kini Bandar Bukit Puchong 2, di pinggir Kampung Pulau Meranti ([[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | **LATAR PERISTIWA: [[p_w_parkinson|P.W. Parkinson]]**. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **LATAR PERISTIWA: [[f_crosbie_roles|Francis Crosbie Roles]]**. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== 1908: Sungai Chuau - Bangi ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1908-02-13: Tinjauan Awal ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Tinjauan awal pembinaan Jalan Telok Datok - Ayer Itam tertunda oleh kerana tiada kesan penerokaan ditemui di lapangan:- | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | //"A contract has been let for the survey of the trace but the survey has not yet been made and therefore ? is at present no trace to lockspit."// | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Sumber: PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 13/02/1908: {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1914-02-27: Permohonan Kontrak Pembinaan ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 27/02/1914: [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1918-01-15: Tinjauan ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 15/01/1918: [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 1932-07-11: Petisyen Penyelenggaraan ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR, 11/07/1932: [[https:// | ||
jalan_ayer_itam.txt · Last modified: 2024/03/06 07:35 by sazli