f_j_pratt [Cebisan Sejarah Bangi]

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====== Frederic James (F.J.) Pratt (1897-1944) ======

===== Dirujuk oleh =====

  * [[broome_estate|Broome Estate]]
  * [[sejarahbangi-1920-1929#fj_pratt_ladang_broome|1926-09-17: F.J. Pratt @ Ladang Broome]]
  * [[sejarahbangi-1930-1939#cadangan_awal_kwsp_ladang|1939-08-03: Cadangan Awal KWSP Ladang]]
  * [[sejarahbangi-1940-1949#pengelola_peperiksaan_bahasa_tamil|1940-01-15: Pengelola Peperiksaan Bahasa Tamil]]

===== Sejarah Hidup =====

==== 1897 ====

Dilahirkan di sekitar London, England (Rujuk bahagian akhir).

==== 1920-an: Bertugas di Broome Estate ====

Asal-usul beliau, serta tarikh beliau mula bertugas di Broome Estate Bangi tidak dapat dipastikan. Kemungkinan seawal tahun 1920, berdasarkan keratan akhbar ini: //"PASSENGERS ARRIVED. Passengers ex s.s. Barentsz of 20 December 1920:- Messrs. Susan, C.F. Pregary, Rauwerda, F. J. Pratt, ..."// (The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, 21 December 1920, Page 11: {{ :akhbar:singfreepressb19201221-1-2-54.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singfreepressb19201221-1.2.54|"PASSENGERS ARRIVED"]]).

==== 1926-09-17: Kelahiran Anak Lelaki ====

Kelahiran anak lelaki pasangan Mr. dan Mrs. F.J. Pratt dari [[broome_estate|Ladang Broome]] Bangi, di {{ laman:the_early_malay_doctors_hospital_bangsar_bangsar_hospital_european_hospital.pdf ||}}[[http://theearlymalaydoctors.blogspot.com/2011/03/hospital-bangsar-bangsar-hospital.html|European Hospital, KL]] (The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, 17 September 1926, Page 8: [[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singfreepressb19260917-1.2.42|"DOMESTIC OCCURRENCES. BIRTHS"]]).

==== 1932: Ahli Lembaga Perlesenan ====

Pada tahun 1932, beliau adalah ahli Lembaga Perlesenan bagi daerah Ulu Langat (Federated Malay States Government, 1932: {{ :lampiran:fms_1932_year_book_manual_of_statistics_1932.pdf ||}}[[https://seadelt.net/Documents/?ID=443|"Year Book and Manual of Statistics, 1932"]], m.s.40).

==== 1939-08-03: Menyokong Cadangan Awal KWSP Ladang ====

Di dalam suatu surat pembaca, dari S. Arumugam (Estet Bangi), terdapat antara perbincangan awal mengenai kumpulan wang simpanan pekerja estet, hampir sedasawarsa sebelum penubuhan [[https://arecabooks.com/product/the-malaysian-estates-staff-provident-fund-1947-2017/|The Malaysian Estates Staff Provident Fund]] pada tahun 1947. Antara penyokongnya ialah Mr. F.J. Pratt, pengurus [[broome_estate|Broome Estate]] di Bangi. (The Straits Times, 3 August 1939, Page 15: [[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19390803-1.2.106|"SYMPATHETIC PLANTERS". The Straits Times, 3 August 1939, Page 15]]).

==== 1940-01-15: Pengelola Peperiksaan Bahasa Tamil ====

Laporan mesyuarat [[https://isp.org.my/|I.S.P. (Incorporated Society of Planters)]] telah menyatakan peri penting pendidikan teknikal bagi bakal petugas operasi ladang, sebagai persediaan bagi mereka mengambil alih peranan pihak pengurusan kelak. Ini termasuk pendidikan dan peperiksaan bahasa pertuturan/komunikasi para pekerja ladang, iaitu Bahasa Tamil, Telugu dan Melayu. Sebelum musim peperangan, peperiksaan ini dikelola oleh pihak kerajaan. Kini terpaksa diambil alih oleh persatuan. Peperiksaan Bahasa Tamil yang pertama telah dikelola oleh pengurus [[broome_estate|Broome Estate]] di Bangi, Mr. F.J. Pratt. (The Straits Times, 15 January 1940, Page 12: [[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19400115-1.2.61|"TECHNICAL EDUCATION NOW OF SPECIAL IMPORTANCE"]]).

==== 1940-06-15: Ahli Majlis Negeri Selangor ====

Beliau kemudiannya dilantik menjadi ahli Majlis Negeri Selangor: //"Mr. F. J. Pratt has been appointed to be a member of the Selangor State Council during the absence on leave of Mr. F. B. O'Malley."// (Malaya Tribune, 15 June 1940, Page 3: {{ :akhbar:maltribune19400615-1-2-49.pdf ||}} [[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/maltribune19400615-1.2.49|"Untitled"]]).

==== 1942-04-24: Tawanan Tentera Jepun ====

Ketika Jepun menakluki Tanah Melayu, lokasi beliau tidak dapat dikesan. Isteri beliau, I.H. Pratt, ketika itu berada di Melbourne, Australia. Isteri beliau telah melaporkan kehilangan suaminya kepada Australian Red Cross Society, dan diberikan "Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 23173" bagi merekodkan setiap perkembangannya:-

{{:gambar:pratt_frederic_james_nil_23173-01.png?600|Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 23173}} \\
//"Surname: PRATT. Given Name(s) or Initials: FREDERIC JAMES. Military Service Number or Last Known Location: [No Registration Number]. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 23173." \\

INDEX No. 23173    CASUALTY: (POW) MISC    DIV. ENQ. (VIC.-W.A.) LOND. \\
SURNAME: PRATT    OTHER NAMES: FREDERIC JAMES \\
RANK: Rubber Planter, Broome Estate, BANGI, SELANGOR MALAYA \\
\\
POW CAMP:- \\
(CHANGI CAMP) ENEMY CIVILIAN INTERNMENT CAMP, SIME ROAD. \\
\\ 
N/K AND ADDRESS:- \\
Wife - Mrs. I.H.Pratt, \\
(200 Williams Road, \\
TOORAK Vic. or c/o Bank of NSW. \\ 
Collins St. Melbourne. and 92 \\
Riversdale Rd. Camborwell.) \\
Cookham Village, \\
ENGLAND."//
 
^ DATE ^ INFORMATION ^
| 24/4/42 | ENGLISH-1897-London. Age 44. Rubber Planter. \\ Enq. from VIC.-Unoff. Msg. MALAYA. A/n. Add. Planter, Broome Estate, Bangi Selangor.Vic. req. CBLE GENEVA re above. |
| 5/5/42 | Cable BG192 to Geneva req. inf. |
| 9-5-42 | xxx.Enq. from W.A. - Rubber Planter, Broome Estate, Bangi Selangor MALAYA - for Wife. |
| 11/6/43. | Message broadcast over Singapore Radio - ABC Lists |
| 22-6-43 | Cable 4907 from Geneva adv. "Tokio cables Planter FJ Pratt Age 44 interned Changi Singapore." Adv. Vic, WA. |
| 10-9-43 | List WC26CC adv. card rec. Washington POW Changi Syonan |
| 13/2/44 | Message broadcast over Singapore Radio - ABC Lists. |
| 6-12-44 | Cable Lond.adv.Changi Camp transfd.Civl.Int.Camp Sime Road. |
| 22/8/45 | WA. req. cancel enq. Pres. address of NOK unknown. |
| 5/9/45 | Vic. adv. NOK has ret. to UK. See add. above. |

(Sumber: Australian Red Cross Society, National Office, 2017-06-20: {{ :lampiran:pratt_frederic_james_nil_23173.pdf ||}}[[https://digitised-collections.unimelb.edu.au/handle/11343/175664?show=full|"Pratt, Frederic James, [No Service Number]"]]).

Ringkasan peristiwa:-

  * **1942-04-24**: Laporan dibuat oleh I.H. Pratt (isteri F.J.Pratt) kepada Australian Red Cross Society (ketika ini beliau berada di Melbourne, Australia).

  * **1943-06-22**: Menurut maklumat risikan dari "Tokyo Cables", F.J.Pratt adalah antara tahanan perang di  {{ :laman:changi_prison_complex_infopedia.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_2018-10-17_135549.html|Penjara Changi, Singapura]].

  * **1944-12-06**: F.J.Pratt telah dipindahkan ke "Civil Internment Camp" di Sime Road, bersama tahanan orang awam yang lain: //"During the latter part of the Japanese Occupation, Sime Road Camp was converted into an internment camp holding mainly British and European civilians. According to Stu Lloyd’s account, a Major General Shito, who took over the administration of internment camps in April 1944, ordered that the military POWs at Sime Road Camp be moved to Changi Prison, and the civilians at Changi be moved to Sime Road."// (Faizah Zakaria, 2011: {{ :laman:sime_road_camp_infopedia.pdf ||}}[[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_1769_2011-02-14.html|"Sime Road Camp"]]).

  * **1945-09-05**: I.H. Pratt (isteri F.J. Pratt) telah kembali ke Cookham Village, UK, kemungkinan tanpa suaminya. Tidak dapat dipastikan apa kesudahan nasib F.J. Pratt.

==== 1946-09-24: Tuntutan Local Defence Corps (L.D.C.) ====

Kemungkinan tuntutan bagi pihak F.J. Pratt, bagi perkhidmatan beliau dalam Local Defence Corps (L.D.C.) sekitar 1940-1942, sebelum menjadi tawanan tentera Jepun (MALAYAN UNION SECRETARIAT, 24/09/1946: {{ :arkibgambar:online_finding_aids_-_690286.pdf ||}}[[http://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/collection/asset/690286|"F.J. PRATT - SELANGOR L.D.C. CLAIMS:- (A) MERCURY SALOON CAR B2475 (B) VALUE OF 50 PAIRS OF SHOES."]]).

**CATATAN**: Perihal **Local Defence Corps (L.D.C.)**: //"THE LOCAL DEFENCE CORPS: This was organised as a Home Guard from October 1940. A full time Commissioner with Deputy Commissioners, were appointed in Malaya in September 1940. The Corps was composed of European British over 41 years of age, also British subjects or citizens under British Protection aged 18-55 years, and was opened to British-linked non-Europeans from 31 March 1941. The Local Defence Corps were also available to support the State Volunteer Forces."// (Audrey Holmes McCormick, 2019: {{ :laman:volunteer_forces_summary_malayan_volunteers_group_-_malayan_volunteers.pdf ||}}[[https://www.malayanvolunteersgroup.org.uk/volunteer-forces-summary.html|"The Volunteer Forces of the Federated and Unfederated States of Malaya and the Straits Settlements: 1940 - 1942"]]).

===== Peninggalan =====

==== 1964-11-17: Rumah Kediaman Isteri F.J. Pratt ====

Pewartaan pemilikan sebuah rumah I.H. Pratt (isteri F.J. Pratt) di Cookham Dean. Rumah ini diberi nama "Kajang", kemungkinan sempena pengalaman mereka sebagai pengurus Ladang Broome di Bangi (mukim Kajang): "//H.M. LAND REGISTRY: The following land is about to be registered. Any objections should be addressed to the Chief Land
Registrar at the appropriate Registry shown below before the 1st day of December 1964. ... THE TUNBRIDGE WELLS DISTRICT LAND REGISTRY, Tunbridge Wells, Kent: FREEHOLD: ... (40) Kajang, Cookham Dean, Maidenhead, Berks, by I. H. Pratt of that address."// (The London Gazette, TUESDAY, 17th NOVEMBER 1964, page 10: {{ :akhbar:thegazette-london-issue-43492.pdf ||}}[[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/43492/|"Public Notices: H.M. Land Registry"]]).

{{:peta:kajang-dean-lane-cookham-maidenhead-sl6-9bb.png?800|Peta lokasi Rumah I.H. Pratt}} \\
Peta lokasi Rumah I.H. Pratt: //"Kajang, Dean Lane, Cookham, MAIDENHEAD, SL6 9BB"// (Addresses & Postcodes: {{ :laman:kajang_dean_lane_cookham_maidenhead_sl6_9bb_-_details_and_information_-_address_postcode_finder.pdf ||}}[[https://addressesandpostcodes.co.uk/address/mpyrKjS0/kajang-dean-lane-cookham-maidenhead-sl6-9bb.html|"Kajang, Dean Lane, Cookham, MAIDENHEAD, SL6 9BB"]]).

Kini rumah ini telah dipindah milik, dan telah direnovasi beberapa kali sejak 1988 sehingga kini (Royal Borough of Windsor & Maidenhead: {{ :laman:rbwm-kajang.pdf ||}}[[https://publicaccess.rbwm.gov.uk/online-applications/|"Planning"]]).

{{:gambar:kajang_dean_lane_cookham_maidenhead_sl6_9bb.png?800|Peninggalan Rumah I.H. Pratt kini}} \ \
Peninggalan Rumah I.H. Pratt kini.

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