Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- ukm_bbb_1 [2026/04/27 12:10] – [09. 1950-1970-an (Peta 1962)] sazli
+++ ukm_bbb_1 [2026/04/29 12:03] (kini) – [Industri sampingan (candu, judi, arak, kedai-kedai, dll.) menyumbang hasil kepada pentadbiran British.] sazli
@@ Line 117: / Line 117: @@
 Selain gejala sosial seperti kegiatan arak, candu, dan judi, kegiatan perlombongan besar-besaran di era Residen British turut mencemar kawasan pertanian yang berdekatan, khususnya perairan sawah padi: //"tin mining activity, if it was sited in the same area as peasant agriculture,constituted an important disruptive influence on the latter, especially if the agriculture consisted of padi cultivation. The mining activity polluted streams and rivers watering the fields or diverted away water required to irrigate the fields . In its early years, however, mining development had generally taken place in areas located far from the traditional areas of peasant agriculture and damage to the cultivation had been minimised. After the establishment of residential rule, however, there was an increased scale of mining activity and considerable areas of peasant cultivation in the west coast states, both in the traditional as well as the new areas, were rapidly encroached upon. The administration, faced with the dilemma whether it should protect the interests of padi cultivation at the expense of its most important economic activity, was predictably slow to react."// (Lim Teck Ghee, November 1971: {{ :lampiran:b10144249-ghee.pdf ||}}[[https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/handle/1885/109347|"PEASANT AGRICULTURE IN COLONIAL MALAYA: Its Development in Perak, Selangor, Negri Sembilan and Pahang, 1874-1941"]], m.s.60).
+==== Keadaan Perlombongan Tahun 1880-an ====
+Suasana perlombongan di Rekoh pada November 1883:-
+//"Sunday 19th: Started at 6am and reached Kwalla Laboo at 4.30pm, there is only one solitary house here, the owner of which gains a living by supplying the passing boats with poles and fish, at 6.30pm anchored for the night. \\
+\\
+Monday 20th: Started at 6 am, at 8 am reached Kampong Tennang(?) which contains two houses. The river here became shallower and poling easier in consequence. At 5.30pm past Kampong Kopah(?), from this place to Rekko the banks of the river are planted with paddy. At 6.30pm anchored for the night.  \\
+\\
+Tuesday 21st: Started at 6 am and reached Rekko at 11.30am. Rekko is the first mining district on the river; the town itself contains 4 Chinese and about 20 Malay shopkeepers. A few months ago nearly the whole place was burnt down, but a great many of the houses have been rebuilt and others are in the course of re-construction. At 2pm I started to visit the mines some of which are close to the town and others about 2 miles off. At all the mines I saw more or less tin ore ready for smelting; about 900 coolies are employed in mining in this district. The Rekko Police Station is a old building made 7 or 8 years ago, but the earth walls are still in fairly good condition and will last some years yet. There is a large Malay agricultural population in this district, principally engaged in paddy planting. \\
+\\
+Wednesday 22nd: At 6am started on foot for Simonieh which is about 6 miles from Rekko. The road as far as the Rekko mines is a fairly good one, but from the mines to Simonieh it is a jungle track. At 8am I arrived at Simonieh, a small Malay village situated on a river of the same name. There are tin mines about 12 or 15 miles off but as yet only 5 bharas of tin have been sent out from them."//
+(Sumber: Arkib Negara 1957/0002056W, 12/12/1882: {{ :arkib:19570002056d02.pdf ||}}[[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/11168|"ENCLOSE IS OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE MONTH OF NOVEMBER"]]).
 Laporan majistret daerah Ulu Langat, [[j_a_g_campbell|J.A.G. Campbell]]. Selain melaporkan kerosakan [[jalan_reko_sepang|Jalan Reko]] ketika itu, beliau turut melaporkan statistik hasil bijih timah bagi daerah tersebut (disusun semula mengikut jumlah hasil):- \\
@@ Line 174: / Line 188: @@
 Pada bulan Februari 1896, pemangku pegawai daerah Ulu Langat telah menerima beberapa permohonan pembukaan ladang kopi di sekitar Jalan Reko. Beliau turut mengesyorkan agar pihak kerajaan mewartakan keseluruhan kawasan hutan terbiar di situ, terutamanya kawasan hutan paya yang dianggap "wasteland" (tiada lombong, maka tiada hasil) di tebing barat Sungai Langat sehingga ke Langat, sebagai tanah rizab perladangan kopi. Pada bulan Mac 1896, penama-penama bagi permohonan ladang-ladang tersebut telah disiarkan, iaitu F. Baptist (F.B.) Hicks, [[e_b_skinner|E. B. Skinner]], Arthur Acland (A.A.) Allen, dan E.J. Allen ([[west_country_estate|West Country Estate]]), G.F.S. dan [[m_s_parry|Methold Sidney (M. S.) Parry]] ([[belmont_estate|Belmont Estate)]], dan Kindersley ([[ladang_kindersley|Reko Hill dan Sungai Reko Estate, diikuti beberapa lagi ladang lain)]]: //"The land embraced by the first six applications is a tract upon the right geographical bank of the Langat River, in the neighbourhood of Merbau Tumbang and Bukit Tempurong. It forms the upper end of the broad alluvial flats which stretch, roughly speaking, from the Langat River at Rekoh to the Langat Road at Klang, and merge into the coffee reserve in Klang District."// **([[west_country_estate#pembukaan_west_country_estate|The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser (Weekly), 25 February 1896, 17 March 1896]])**.
+Tidak lama selepas itu, di dalam suatu laporan oleh [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Nicholas_Ridley|Henry N. Ridley]] pada 6 Julai 1896, beliau telah mencadangkan penubuhan Jabatan Perhutanan di negeri Selangor, bagi mengawal selia penebangan serta pengeluaran hasil hutan. "The Reko Woods", suatu kawasan hutan yang belum diterokai seluas 10,000 ekar (4047 hektar) di sepanjang Jalan Reko-Sepang adalah antara beberapa kawasan hutan di Selangor yang telah dikenalpasti sebagai sumber berharga dan perlu dikawal rapi oleh jabatan ini. Antara spesis pokok yang ditemui di dalamnya ialah merbau, pauh kijang, petaling, tempinis, keranji, dan tembusu. Hasil usaha perintis ini, Hutan Simpan Bangi (dikatakan nama asalnya "Bukit Puteri"), seluas 2,338 ekar (946 hektar) akhirnya diwartakan kira-kira 10 tahun kemudian, pada 31 Disember 1906 (Nombor Warta: 827). Puncak tertingginya ialah Bukit Rupa setinggi 105 meter: //"7. The Reko Woods. - Between Sepang and Kajang lies an extensive tract of forest country through which the main road connecting these places runs. Much of the country round Sepang and Kajang as far as Reko is either under cultivation or has been so, and it is probable that a great deal more will be taken up. But the greater part of the forest country is not likely to be required for this purpose or for tin-mining. The forest is rich in merabau, pauh kijang and petaling, and contains also some quantity of tampinis, krunji and tembusu. I would recommend block of, say, 10,000 acres to be reserved in the centre of this forest at about, the 13th or 14th mile from Sepang along the road."// (Henry N. Ridley, 6 Julai 1896: {{ arkib:19570581543d02.pdf ||}}[[https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/1498805|"REPORT ON THE FORESTS OF SELANGOR"]], m.s. 2).
 ==== 1903: Tuntutan Rasat bin Nakhoda Omar, tanahnya termasuk kedalam geran Belmont Estate. ====
@@ Line 181: / Line 197: @@
 ==== West Country dan Belmont Estate ====
-{{:gambar:ladang-westcountry-belmont-1908-colorized.png?600|10. Kejatuhan Kopi}}
+{{:gambar:fms-estates-1908.png?250|}}{{:gambar:ladang-belmont-1908.png?450|}} \\
+**Kiri**: Gambar muka surat penuh \\
+**Kanan**: No.1 Field, Belmont Estate
-Gambar: West Country dan Belmont Estate **([[west_country_estate#perihal|Arnold Wright, 1908: Twentieth century impressions of British Malaya]])**.
+{{:gambar:westcountry-estate-1908-field9.png?450|}}{{:gambar:westcountry-estate-1908-field9_9iwud_hd.png?450|}} \\
+No.9 Field, West Country Estate
-==== Belmont Estate ====
+{{:gambar:westcountry-estate-1908-tapping.png?330|}}{{:gambar:westcountry-estate-1908-tapping-colorized.jpg?330|}}{{:gambar:fmsestates-tapping-1908.png?120|}}{{:gambar:fmsestates-tapping-1908-colorized.jpg?120|}} \\
+**Kiri**: Tapping in No.1 Avenue, West Country Estate \\
+**Kanan**: Tapping in No.10 Field
-{{:gambar:ladang-belmont-1908-02-colorized.png?600|11. Ladang Belmont}}
+{{:gambar:ladang-westcountry-belmont-1908.png?450|}}{{:gambar:ladang-westcountry-belmont-1908-colorized.png?450|10. Kejatuhan Kopi}} \\
+//"West Country and Belmont Estates"// (Arnold Wright, 1908: [[http://seasiavisions.library.cornell.edu/catalog/sea:233|"Twentieth century impressions of British Malaya: its history, people, commerce, industries, and resources"]], m.s.465-467).
+Sumber gambar-gambar: **([[west_country_estate#perihal|Arnold Wright, 1908: Twentieth century impressions of British Malaya]])**.
+==== Belmont Estate ====
-Gambar: Belmont Estate, sekitar awal 1900-an. **([[west_country_estate#perihal|Arnold Wright, 1908: Twentieth century impressions of British Malaya]])**.
+{{:gambar:fmsestates-1908-generalview.png?300|FMS Estates general view}}{{:gambar:ladang-belmont-1908-02.png?300|}}{{:gambar:ladang-belmont-1908-02-colorized.png?300|11. Ladang Belmont}} \\
+**Kiri**: FMS Estates general view \\
+**Kanan**: Ladang Belmont
-{{:gambar:fmsestates-tapping-1908-colorized.jpg?200|Tapping in No.10 field (Diwarnakan)}} \\
+Sumber Gambar-Gambar: **([[west_country_estate#perihal|Arnold Wright, 1908: Twentieth century impressions of British Malaya]])**.
-//"Tapping in No.10 field."//
 (Sumber: Arnold Wright, 1908: [[http://seasiavisions.library.cornell.edu/catalog/sea:233|"Twentieth century impressions of British Malaya: its history, people, commerce, industries, and resources"]], m.s.465-467).
@@ Line 217: / Line 244: @@
 **Kanan**: Peta 1929, selepas pewartaan (1906), "Bangi Forest Reserve", sempena pekan Bangi di sebelah selatan.
-==== Perlu diwartakan untuk simpanan hasil hutan (merbau dll)- Cadangan: 10,000 ekar Sepanjang Jalan Reko-
+==== Perlu diwartakan untuk simpanan hasil hutan (merbau dll) - Cadangan: 10,000 ekar Sepanjang Jalan Reko-Sepang. ====
-Sepang. ====
 Seawal 1896 lagi, di dalam suatu laporan oleh [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Nicholas_Ridley|Henry N. Ridley]] pada 6 Julai 1896, beliau telah mencadangkan penubuhan Jabatan Perhutanan di negeri Selangor, bagi mengawal selia penebangan serta pengeluaran hasil hutan. "The Reko Woods", suatu kawasan hutan yang belum diterokai seluas 10,000 ekar (4047 hektar) di sepanjang Jalan Reko-Sepang adalah antara beberapa kawasan hutan di Selangor yang telah dikenalpasti sebagai sumber berharga dan perlu dikawal rapi oleh jabatan ini. Antara spesis pokok yang ditemui di dalamnya ialah merbau, pauh kijang, petaling, tempinis, keranji, dan tembusu **([[hutan_simpan_bangi#sejarah_awalthe_reko_woods|Henry N. Ridley @ Arkib Negara 1957/0581543W (06/07/1896)]])**.