penghulu_syed_yahya [Cebisan Sejarah Bangi]

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====== Penghulu Syed Yahya ======

===== Dirujuk oleh =====

  * [[penghulu_kolonial|Penghulu di Zaman Kolonial]]

===== Perihal =====

Sedikit perihal [[rekoh#kampung_rekoh|Syed Yahya]] (Penghulu Cheras):-

  * Anak kepada Syed Idris yang berasal dari Acheh, dan tinggal di Rekoh. Beliau memiliki tanah dan sebuah rumah di [[rekoh#kampung_rekoh|Kampung Rekoh (Rekod geran sekitar 1883-1898). Rumah ini telah musnah dalam sebuah kebakaran beberapa tahun sebelum 1898]]. 

  * Bersama bapanya Syed Idris mengusahakan tanaman lada hitam seluas 3 ekar, sebanyak 7,000 pokok. Menyeru penduduk setempat untuk turut serta, namun tidak mendapat sambutan disebabkan kekangan kewangan.

  * Berkahwin dengan anak Che Ngah, Penghulu Cheras sebelum beliau,

  * Dikatakan membuka mukim Cheras, sekitar akhir tahun 1876: //"Mukim Cheras dipercayai telah dibuka sekitar penghujung tahun 1876. Peneroka awal yang membuka perkampungan penduduk di kawasan ini ialah Tuan Syed Yahya bersama beberapa orang dalam kumpulan beliau yang berasal dari Acheh..."// (Unit Perancang Ekonomi Negeri Selangor Darul Ehsan (UPEN) @ Syed Norzalman / Mantera Jiwa, 6-7 November 2009: {{ :laman:mantera_jiwa_cheras.pdf ||}}[[http://duniabahasabangsa.blogspot.com/2009/11/asal-usul-cheras-mukim-cheras.html|"Asal Usul Cheras"]]).

  * **[[rekoh#lawatan_jp_rodger_dan_hc_syers|18/03/1883]]**: Ketika lawatan J.P. Rodger dan H.C. Syers, beliau pernah menawarkan khidmat pembinaan sebahagian Jalan Cheras-Pudu.

  * **1886-08-14**: Mengetuai pembinaan masjid dan beberapa buah rumah di Cheras, setelah kebakaran tahun 1885: //"On behalf of Syed Jahya, & the people of Cheras, I have the honour to request a loan of $100, for the space of one year, to enable them to proceed with the building of their new mosque. Syed Jahya yesterday paid me the last instalment of the loan of $250, which you lent to him to assist the people to erect new houses at Cheras, after the fire last year." // (PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR @ Arkib Negara Malaysia, 14/08/1886: {{ :arkib:19570006001d02.pdf ||}}[[http://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/14416|"APPLIES ON BEHALF OF SYED YAHYA AND THE PEOPLE OF CHERAS FOR A LOAN OF $100 TO ENABLE THEM TO PROCEED WITH THE BUILDING OF THEIR NEW MOSQUE"]]).

  * **1891**: Menceritakan pembukaan Kajang oleh "Encik Lili" seawal tahun 1776: //"Dalam versi yang lain pula, terdapat satu laporan dari penghulu Yahya yang menjadi penghulu di Kajang dan Cheras pada tahun 1891 mengatakan Kajang telah dibuka oleh En. Lili dari Piau kira-kira dalam tahun 1776. Dalam laporannya kepada Pegawai Daerah Ulu Langat, ia seterusnya mengatakan : "......Sultan Muhammad beri dia ( Encik Lili ) kuasa mmebuka tanah di Hulu Langat dari Sungai Sabak Dua ke hulu bersempadan dengan Dato' Langat, dihilir bersempadan dengan Dato' Ali. Encik Lili dengan enam orang rakannya telah berpindah ke bukit Kuala Sungai Merbau yang kemudiannya menamakannya Kajang dan Lili telah dilantik oleh Sultan Muhammad menjadi Dato' Bandar Kajang. Beliau telah diberikan kuasa memerintah kawasan daripada Sabak Dua hingga ke hilir Sungai Subang Hilang. Sultan juga telah membenarkan LIli untuk membuka lombong di Kuala Sungai Merbau. ""// (MAJLIS PERBANDARAN KAJANG (MPKj), 2006: {{ :laman:majlis_perbandaran_kajang_mpkj_-_sejarah_kajang.pdf ||}}[[https://web.archive.org/web/20080401000000*/www.mpkj.gov.my/sejarah-kajang.php|"SEJARAH KAJANG"]]). \\ Sumber dikemaskini: //"Perkataan Kajang lahir daripada beberapa sumber berikut : ... Pendapat Keempat : Ada sumber lain mengatakan Kajang telah dibuka oleh Encik Lili juga dikenali sebagai Toh Lili yang datang dari Riau pada tahun 1776. Beliau adalah pengikut Sultan Mohamed Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Ibrahim Shah yang berasal dari Riau. Dengan kebenaran Sultan, beliau bersama enam orang rakan telah membuka tanah untuk penanaman padi di Bukit Sg. Merbau dan membuka lombong @ Sungai Merbau yang kini dikenali sebagai KAJANG."// (Majlis Perbandaran Kajang, 2013: {{ :laman:portal_rasmi_majlis_perbandaran_kajang_-_asal-usul_nama_kajang.pdf ||}}[[https://web.archive.org/web/20080123053726/www.mpkj.gov.my/sejarah-kajang.php|"Asal-Usul Nama Kajang"]]). Tarikh tahun 1770-an dalam penceritaan beliau ini dianggap tidak tepat kerana tempoh pemerintahan Sultan Muhammad ialah tahun 1826-1857: //"Riwayat dan pentarikhan ini jadi masalah (Mengikut versi ini, Kajang dibukan sekitar 1777; pada waktu itu, yang memerintah adalah Raja Lumu gelar Sultan Salehuddin (1766-1782), iaitu Sultan Selangor yang pertama. Sultan Muhammad hanya naik takhta pada 1826 dan memerintah sampai 1857, dan sebelum itu sebagai Raja Muda (1801-1826))."// (Abdur-Razzaq Lubis, 2021: [[https://arecabooks.com/product/tarikh-raja-asal/|"Tarikh Raja Asal: Derap Perantauan Kaum Mandailing dari Sumatra ke Tanah Semenanjung"]], m.s.225). Dari sumber asal: //"The traditions of Kajang date its foundation to the 1770s, but there are difficulties of chronology that suggest that, if it was founded so early, it was small and of little importance until the reign (1826-57) of Sultan Mohamed, who granted to a Rhio Bugis, To' Lili, the title of Dato' Shahbandar with authority over Kajang and its environs. The story is that To' Lili applied to the Sultan at Telok Piei (Kuala Selangor) with the credentials of having led a party up the Langat River 'through dense and thorny growth of rattans and screw pines which then all but met across the stream'. They 'built themselves houses near the head waters of the Sungei Kajang', so named because the houses were roofed with 'hastily improvised awnings (or "kajangs") of pandanus leaves, there being no bertam leaves obtainable on the spot'. Sultan Mohamed is reported to have visited Kajang later on, where To' Lili had begun to mine for tin. The story, as told in 1895, asserted that To' Lili founded Kajang 120 years before, i.e. in 1775, but that is irreconcilable with the involvement of Sultan Mohamed, whose reign began in 1826. The foundation of Cheras and Semenyih also is dated by legend as c. 1855."// (J. M. Gullick @ Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Vol. 80, No. 2 (293) (December 2007): {{ :buku:10.2307_41493693.pdf ||}}[[https://www.jstor.org/stable/41493693|"A Short History of Ulu Langat to 1900"]], m.s. 4-5). 

  * Meninggal dunia beberapa tahun sebelum **1905 (atau sekitar 1904)**, akibat luka tembakan ketika membantu menumpaskan sekumpulan perompak di sekitar kawasan premis perjudian di Cheras: //"That it is deferentially submitted as being well known that one Syed Yahya was serving the Government of Selangor for quite a number of years, as Penghulu of Cheras Mukim, the old man having afterwards, some few years back, met with his untimely, sad and deplorable death, the result of a gunshot wound, which seem(?) turned fatal, at the hands of one of the gang robbers who raided the Cheras Gambling Farm; the unfortunate deceased Penghulu having gone to the assistance of the Farm, to subdue the raid."// (PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR @ Arkib Negara Malaysia, 12/06/1905: {{ :arkib:19570123129d02.pdf ||}}[[http://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/digital/asset/1476846|"ASKS THAT THE POST OF PENGHULU, CHERAS BE OFFERED TO SYED MOHAMED BIN SYED YAHYA"]]). Setelah beliau meninggal dunia, makam beliau pernah dianggap "keramat".

  * Beliau digantikan oleh anak beliau, Habit(b) Yit buat beberapa ketika, sebelum disandang oleh adiknya, Habib (Syed) Mohamad, pada **15 Julai 1905**: //"This man is the younger son of Habit(b) Jahya a former Penghulu who was killed some years ago at Cheras by gang robbers. His elder brother Habit(b) Yit held the post for a time but was dismissed (vide 6791/01). This man has had a school education and has a good reputation. I have received letter signed by 7 leading men in Cheras asking that he may get the appointment. He is a young man. (Acting District Officer, Ulu Langat). ... I have the honour to inform you that the Resident approves the appointment of Habit(b) Mohamad bin Habit(b) Jahya as Penghulu Cheras on six months probation, dating from July 15th 1905. (Secretary to the Resident)"// (PEJABAT SETIAUSAHA KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR @ Arkib Negara Malaysia, 17/07/1905: {{ :arkib:19570122676d02.pdf ||}}[[http://ofa.arkib.gov.my/lores/hq/digitdoc_10/19570122676d02.pdf|"Penghuluship of Cheras"]]).

===== Sumber =====

  * //"In 1883 the semi-traditional regime of Raja Kahar as Malay Magistrate was replaced by the formal creation of the Ulu Langat administrative district, though shortage of staff made it necessary that Syers, the superintendent of police, should act temporarily as the first district officer. The district was divided into five mukim (subdistrict), each in the charge of a Malay penghulu (headman), three of whom deserve mention. ... Syed Yahya, penghulu of Cheras, was the son of an Achehnese immigrant, Syed Idris, who had settled at Rekoh. After his death, he became a saint whose tomb was a local keramat (shrine). Yahya had married the daughter of his predecessor, Che Ngah, and, like his father, he was 'a great advocate of pepper planting' with 3 acres under 7,000 pepper vines. But his efforts to persuade his people to follow his example were ineffective as 'the want of money is the stumbling block'. It was one sign, among many, of the gap between the general body of Sumatran settlers and the upper-class penghulu."// ([[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._M._Gullick|J.M. Gullick]], 2007: {{ :buku:a_short_history_of_ulu_langat.pdf ||}}[[https://www.jstor.org/stable/41493693|"A Short History of Ulu Langat to 1900"]]), m.s. 11-12).

  * Syed Idris, bapa Syed Yahya, dikebumikan di Rekoh. Makam tersebut kemudiannya dianggap keramat: //"“The chief kramats in the district are ‘Makam ’Toh Sayah’ (the tomb of a Javanese of high repute); ‘Makam Said Idris,’ at Rekoh, Said Idris being the father of the Pĕnghulu of Cheras; ‘Makam ’Toh Janggut’ (a ‘Kampar’ man), on the road to Cheras; and ‘Makam ’Toh Gerdu or Berdu,’ at Dusun Tua, Ulu Langat. ’Toh Berdu was of Sakai origin.”"// (Walter William Skeat, January 4, 2015: {{ :buku:malay_magic_being_an_introduction_to_the_folklore_and_popular_religion_of_the_malay_peninsula.pdf ||}}[[https://www.gutenberg.org/files/47873/47873-h/47873-h.htm|"Malay Magic - Being an introduction to the folklore and popular religion of the Malay Peninsula]], m.s.69).

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