====== Taman Tasik Cempaka (1997-2003) ======

{{:gambar:20240814_083213.jpg?600|}}

Asalnya, Taman Tasik Cempaka (TTC) Bandar Baru Bangi (BBB) adalah sebahagian lembangan Sungai Air Hitam (anak Sungai Ramal), di antara kawasan sawah padi Kampung Sungai Ramal Dalam di sebelah utara (Seksyen 8 BBB kini), dengan West Country Estate di selatan. Ketika BBB pesat membangun mulai pertengahan 1990-an, beberapa pemaju mengusulkan cadangan untuk membina pusat komersil (termasuk hotel) di kawasan ini. Sementara itu, beberapa wakil masyarakat setempat mendesak agar dibina tasik rekreasi serta kolam takungan. Mujurnya, Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Selangor (PKNS) ketika itu menyebelahi pihak masyarakat. Perancangan dimulakan oleh kerajaan negeri dan Jabatan Landskap Negara pada tahun 1997, mula dibina pada tahun 1999, dan siap pada tahun 2001 (Fasa 1), 2003 (Fasa 2), dan 2008 (Fasa 3).

====== Kronologi ======

===== 1980-an: Keadaan Asal =====

Sekitar 1980-an, kawasan Taman Tasik Cempaka ketika itu adalah sekitar tebing Sungai Air Hitam (anak Sungai Ramal), ketika itu sebahagian kawasan sawah padi Kampung Sungai Ramal Dalam di sebelah utara, serta sebahagian belukar dan ladang West Country Estate di sebelah selatan.
 
{{:peta:peta-bbb-1984-ttc.png?400|}}{{:peta:peta-bbb-1984-legend-tanah.png?500|}} \\
Sebahagian peta Bandar Baru Bangi, tahun 1984 (Pengarah Pemetaan Negara Malaysia, 1984: {{ :laman:encore_--_bandar_baru_bangi_cartographic_meterial_pengarah_pemetaan_negara_malaysia.pdf ||}}[[https://gemilang.ukm.my/iii/encore/record/C__Rb1467072__S|Peta: Bandar Baharu Bangi, Selangor]]).

===== 1997: Perancangan =====

//"Bandar Baru Bangi, located in the State of Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia is a relatively new township. It was developed in stages, beginning in 1977. The area used to be a rubber plantation and secondary forests that were gradually cleared to make way for urban settlements. In the early years, there was no place in the area for its inhabitants to indulge in recreational activities. The city grew very rapidly with the establishments of industrial zones, academic and research institutions, the country's new airport (KLIA), as well as the new administrative centre (Putrajaya), all within 10 to 40 kilometres of the city centre. \\
\\
At the centre of the designated city, there is a stretch of barren lowland constantly covered by water generated from the rain that made up a small river way, named Air Hitam river, that connected to the main Ulu Langat river. The site is strategically located, as it lies adjacent to the downtown area. This impelled many private entities to propose various commercial-based development ventures on the site, including a large scale hotel facility. Since there were no nature parks within the city, while new residential areas were expanding rapidly, federal and state government authorities were under increasing pressure from public representatives to upgrade the small stream into a water retention and recreational lake area and they did just that in early 1997. Initially, the main aim was to provide river and lake-based recreational activities for the city inhabitants, as well as to create a natural ecological zone, thereby attracting wildlife to the area (survived information from Mohd Fadrillah Taib of the National Landscape Department, principal designer of the site). \\
\\
The National Landscape Department and the state government further agreed to develop the area on both sides of the water retention lake to incorporate various recreational services to meet the needs and preferences of the various residents of Bandar Baru Bangi and its vicinity. Based on surveyed information provided by the principal designer of the site (Mohd Fadrillah Taib), the aim of expanding the site was the provision of social and ecological services. The social aim was to facilitate sport and family-based leisure activities for the local populace, while the ecological aim was to draw more floras and faunas into the area. An implicit but important intention in expanding the recreational site area was to send a clear signal to the public that the area had been well designated for a nature-based recreational facility and shall not be considered for alternative uses.
//

(Sumber: Jamal Othman, Yaghoob Jafari, Sustainability 2019, 11(11), 3023: {{ :lampiran:sustainability-11-03023-v2.pdf ||}}[[https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113023|"Economic Valuation of an Urban Lake Recreational Park: Case of Taman Tasik Cempaka in Bandar Baru Bangi, Malaysia"]]).

===== 1999: Pembinaan =====

//"Bandar Baru Bangi is bent on being known as a 'Garden City'. To make this a reality, the Selangor Development Corporation is building a 16.8-hectare lake garden to be situated the Section 9 commercial centre. A six-hectare lake is to be created near Sungai Air Hitam and its banks at a cost of RM6 million. It is in the final stage of construction. The public park of about 10.8 hectares will be developed by the National Landscape Department at a cost of about RM3 million. To enhance Bangi's reputation as a 'University Town', the lake gardens will have a public library built on the grounds to encourage more people to use the park as place to do some reading. The lake garden will be the first comprehensive public park in the township with the planting of local fragrant flowers such as cempaka as well as various species of trees. A clock tower and a Bangi Square for public gathering and other facilities will also be built. According to PKNS Bangi development controller Raihani Sulaiman, the public park, to be named Taman Awam Tasik Cempaka, is set to become a premier recreational spot for the more than 100,000 residents in the township, as well as nearby areas. She said the lake garden would enhance the status of the township. Bangi has two universities - Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) and Universiti Tenaga Nasional (Uniten) - and two colleges - Ikram College and Maktab Perguruan Islam. 'The artificial lake will also be a water retention pond for the township, besides being a recreation area,' Raihani said. 'The lake surrounds the town centre, facing the Hulu Langat District Offices Complex, the Bangi Golf Resort, Bangi Utama Business Park, and the PKNS Complex.' She added that the garden would be one of the biggest lake gardens in any township in the country. The lake will have special cooling effect to the surrounding areas. Raihani stressed that although the land price in the Section 9 commercial centre was expensive, the corporation felt the sentimental value for the environment was more important. The park can be a regulator to city life as well as maintain the good name of Bandar Baru Bangi as a garden city. Among the recreational facilities to be provided at the park are fountains, a bird viewing tower, a boathouse, waterfront restaurant, children's play ground and a football field. A fish observation platform also will be built for children to look at the various species of fish being reared in the lake. There will also be basic facilities such as public toilets, police posts and prayer rooms. There will be a Plaza Cempaka to sell handicraft and a food court."// 

{{:gambar:nst-1999-06-09-tamancempaka-dibina-sgairhitam.png?500|Taman Tasik Cempaka ketika dalam pembinaan}}{{:gambar:nst-1999-06-09-tamancempaka-dibina-sgairhitam-kini.jpg?400|Taman Tasik Cempaka kini, diambil di lokasi yang sama}} \\
**Kiri**: Taman Tasik Cempaka ketika dalam pembinaan. Gambar mungkin diambil di jambatan Sungai Air Hitam,  Persiaran Bangi, menghadap ke selatan: //"Work in progress ... to level the river bed of Sungai Air Hitam and developed it into a lake garden."// \\
**Kanan** Taman Tasik Cempaka kini, diambil di lokasi yang sama (21 September 2024).

{{:gambar:nst-1999-06-09-tamancempaka-dibina-pelan-mf.png?410|}}{{:gambar:nst-1999-06-09-tamancempaka-dibina-pelan-kini.png?490|Concept plan ... of the Cempaka Public Lake Garden, Bandar Baru Bangi}} \\
**Kiri**: Pelan ruang utama taman: //"Concept plan ... of the Cempaka Public Lake Garden, Bandar Baru Bangi"// \\
**Kanan**: Kemungkinan ruang yang dirujuk di dalam pelan, kini (Fawwaz Media, 9 Mac 2023: [[https://youtu.be/Uf_S_mO-9P0|"Taman Tasik Cempaka, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor"]], minit 2:23).

(Sumber: L.H. Lim @ New Straits Times, 9 Jun 1999: {{ :akhbar:nst-1999-06-09-tamancempaka-dibina.pdf ||}}[[https://books.google.com.my/books?id=1MwyAAAAIBAJ&lpg=PA30&dq=bangi&pg=PA30#v=onepage&q&f=false|"Boost to 'garden city' reputation for Bangi"]]).

//"A RM500,000 allocation has been set aside for the Kajang Municipal Council to fund more social development projects under its 2001 Budget. Council secretary Abdul Rani Mat Jali said the council would be spending on activities for youth, sports and recreation. ... Under the special allocation for new parks from the National Landscape Department, he said the council was developing the riverbank reserve land of Sungai Air Hitam in front of the Hulu Langat District Office complex in Bandar Baru Bangi. This will cater for residents of Bandar Baru Bangi, as well as those from other parts of the municipality. Abdul Rani said with the co-operation from the developer of Bandar Baru Bangi, the Selangor State Development Corporation, Sungai Air Hitam had been turned into a recreational lake with jogging tracks along its banks. The lake area also boasted a playground, fishing ponds, resting areas and picnic grounds, Abdul Rani added. The Kajang council also has an extra allocation for the management of the town park and lake garden once they are completed next year."// 

{{:gambar:nst-2000-09-23-tasikcempaka-pembinaan-sgairhitam.png?450|Sungai Air Hitam in Bandar Baru Bangi to become a lake garden}} \\
**Kiri**: Taman Tasik Cempaka dalam keadaan hampir siap. Gambar mungkin diambil dari ruang legar utama taman, berhampiran bangunan kafeteria, menghadap ke arah selatan: //"New recreational area ... Sungai Air Hitam in Bandar Baru Bangi to become a lake garden."//

(Sumber: L.H. Lim @ New Straits Times, 23 September 2000: {{ :akhbar:nst-2000-09-23-tamancempaka-pembinaan.pdf ||}}[[
https://books.google.com.my/books?id=BlVIAAAAIBAJ&lpg=PA55&dq=bangi&pg=PA55#v=onepage&q&f=false|"Kajang to focus on social development"]]).

===== 2001: Fasa Pertama Siap =====

//"The corporation's (PKNS) Bandar Baru Bangi development controller Raihani Sulaiman said besides the completed Taman Cempaka lake garden at Section 9, another massive landscape project would be carried out along the one-kilometre stretch of the Sungai Ramal riverbank that cuts through Section 7 of the township. ... The second phase will be carried out with the National Landscape Department and Kajang Municipal Council. It will include a public library, hawker centre and beautification work on the Sungai Air Hitam riverbank nearest the PKNS Complex."//

{{:gambar:nst-2001-12-17-tasikcempaka-aerial.png?900|Aerial view ... first phase of Taman Cempaka lake garden}} \\
Gambar sebahagian Taman Tasik Cempaka (fasa pertama), iaitu sepanjang Persiaran Pusat Bandar 1 di sebelah timur, diambil dari udara: //"Aerial view ... first phase of Taman Cempaka lake garden, the first public park in Bandar Baru Bangi."//

{{:gambar:nst-2001-12-17-tasikcempaka-aerial-kini.png?900|Gambar Taman Tasik Cempaka menghadap Persiaran Pusat Bandar 1 di sebelah timur, diambil dari udara, kini}} \\
Gambar Taman Tasik Cempaka menghadap Persiaran Pusat Bandar 1 di sebelah timur, diambil dari udara, kini (Fawwaz Media, 3 Disember 2020: [[https://youtu.be/ZnKce-O0q3E?si=XmxbYNcSUU48RdW7&t=14|"Taman Tasik Cempaka, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor (4k Video)"]], minit 4:52).

{{:gambar:nst-2001-12-17-tasikcempaka-townsquare.png?450|Gambar ruang legar "town square" di tebing timur Taman Tasik Cempaka (di sebelah Persiaran Pusat Bandar 1)}}{{:gambar:nst-2001-12-17-tasikcempaka-townsquare-kini.jpg?450|Gambar ruang yang sama, kini (2024)}}
**Kiri**: Gambar ruang legar "town square" di tebing timur Taman Tasik Cempaka (di sebelah Persiaran Pusat Bandar 1): //"Scenic ... the town square at the Taman Cempaka lake garden in Bandar Baru Bangi is great for holding activities and strolls in the evenings."// \\
**Kanan**: Gambar ruang yang sama, kini (2024).

(Sumber: L.H. Lim @ New Straits Times, 17 Disember 2021: {{ :akhbar:nst-2001-12-18-tamancempaka-siap.pdf ||}}[[https://books.google.com.my/books?id=iiwhAAAAIBAJ&lpg=PA62&dq=bangi&pg=PA62#v=onepage&q&f=false|"More parks for Bangi"]]).